MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) combines trend and momentum into one tool. It's popular because it's visual and intuitive — once you know what its three parts mean.
The three components
The MACD line is the difference between two EMAs; the signal line is an EMA of the MACD line; the histogram is the gap between them. Together they show momentum building or fading.
Reading it
MACD crossing above its signal line hints rising momentum; crossing below hints falling momentum. The histogram growing or shrinking shows momentum accelerating or decelerating before the cross.
Strengths and limits
MACD shines in trending markets and gives muddy, whipsawy signals in ranges. Like all indicators it's derived from price and lags — best used to confirm a read from structure, not to replace it.
Key takeaways
- MACD = MACD line, signal line and histogram from EMAs.
- Crosses hint momentum shifts; the histogram shows acceleration.
- Great in trends, poor in ranges — confirm structure, don't replace it.